What happens when you get heat stroke?

In 1985, 16-year-old Douglas Casa, ran the championship 10,000 meter track race at the Empire State Games.
Suddenly, with just 200 meters to go, he collapsed, got back up and then collapsed again on the final straightaway, with his body temperature at dangerous levels.
He had suffered an exertional heat stroke.
Fortunately, with immediate and proper treatment, he survived the potentially fatal episode and has since helped save  167 people in similar circumstances.
From ancient soldiers on the battlefield to modem day warriors on the gridiron, exertional heat stroke,or sunstroke, has long been a serious concern.
And unlike classical heat stroke,witch affects vulnerable people such as infants and the elderly during heat waves, exertional heat stroke is caused by intense exercise in the heat, and is one of the top three killers of athletes and soldiers in training.
When you exercise, nearly 80% of the energy you use is transformed into heat.
In normal circumstances, this is what's known as compensable heat stress.
And your body can dissipate the heat as quickly as it's generated through cooling methods like the evaporation  of sweat.
But with uncompensable heat  stress,your body unable to lose enough heat due to over exertion or high temperatures in humidity which raises your core temperature beyond normal levels.
This causes the proteins and cell membranes  to denature,creating cells that no longer function properly and begin to leak their contents.
If these leaky cells proliferate though the body,
the results can be devastating.
Including liver damage,blood clot formation in the kidneys.
damage to the gastrointestinal tract and even the failure of vital organs.
So how do you diagnose an exertions heat stroke?
The main criterion is a core body temperature greater than 40 degrees Celsius observed along with physical symptoms such as increased heart rate,low blood pressure and rapid breathing or signs of central nervous system distinction such as confused behavior,aggression or loss of consciousness.
The most feasible and accurate way to assess core body temperature is with a rectal thermometer.
as other common temperature-taking methods are not accurate in these circumstances.
As far as treatment goes.
the most important thing to remember is cool first, transport second.
Because the human body can withstand a core temperature above 40 degrees Celsius for about 30 minutes before cell damage sets in, it's essential to initiate rapid cooling on site in order to  lower it as quickly as possible.
After any athletic or protective gear has been removed  from the victim,place them in an ice water tub while stirring the water and monitoring vitals continuously.
If this is not possible,dousing in ice water and applying wet towels over the entire body can help.
But before you start.
emergency services should be called.
As you wait,It's important to keep the victim calm until emergency personnel arrive.
If medical staff are available on site.
cooling should continue
until a core temperature of 38.9 degrees Celsius is reached.
The sun is known for giving life,  but it can also take life away if we're not careful,even affecting the strongest among us.
As Dr. JJ Levick wrote of exertional heat stroke in 1859, "It strikes down its victim with
his full armor on.  Youth, health and strength oppose no obstacle to its power."
But although this condition is one of the top three leading causes of death in sports, it has been 100% survivable with proper care.